Power transmitting mechanism



Sept 21, 1948. L. R. BUCKENDALE: ETAL 2,449,546

` POWER TRANSMITTING MECHANISM Filed Ja. 24, 1944 f 4 V:sheets-sheet 1 @WMM Sept. 2l, 1948. L, R. BucKENDALE ETAL 2,449,546

' POWER TRANSMITTING MECHANISM Filed Jan'. 24, 1944 4 sheets-sheet 2 w21 1 Eff- Sept. 21,1948. L. R. BucKENDALE ErAL 2,449,546

POWER TRANSMITTING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 24, 1944 4 sheets-sheet 3 l F27 j. j@ 'f .5766

Patented Sept. 21, 1948 m 2,44%);546: i .POWER TRANSMITTING MaoHANisM Iliasvmn'oef. Rz: Buekendale, @Retraite-Micha. andi` Beverly Wx. Hesse; Oshkosh;5 Wish. assignors .tof .ilhof Timkeni-'Betmit Axle Company, D.etrfoit.

Mich.a corporation of Ohio. l `A11plica-tion January 24, 1944, Serial No. 519,508

Thisinventiefrelates topower transferemeohanism;` `andi' morev particularly: to-= a. 'convertibe; multiple axle drive mechanismf and: has for its general obj ect". andi?. pur-pose tolprovidez-fcertain important practicanimprovements: inf a power tl".ernsrnittingvV mechanism off the type:disolosedfin United States Letters Patent No.I r$399,201 issued April 30:19.46:

Moreapartieuiarly our. presentfinvention; inthe embodiments whiohfwe liefvefseleeted fonthepurnompar-allei axeaitfs nowwcommon poactiee; in l four-wheel drli/etvehicles; to;invertwtheposition of the-"gearfassembly-rinithee fronti axle: withv re` spent .to the positiomofvthergeaoassembly: in the reasaxie fby. turning thedormerinfa vertical plane through Limi".f on a.: half circle; Theranis:V off the drivepinion is V'tiierelifvfposit-ioneolairra planea-boire the? axis-*of the` front. axle while the f rean drive pinion has: :its airis;` inan planei-belowf'th-e `axis of the rear# vehic-lef:axleiatnrelatiaelyg opposite sides oxt-hez vespectiyve axflesa :arrangement-f nec:- essitatesnthe 1. nrovisiont` offf means, im the? power Vtrans fer 1 gearing: for" rotatingthengrespective-drive pinion shafts in relatively opposite directions. On: the 4other hand, when theoonventional bevel gearing `is used inf eachy axle the drives-pinion shafts.l arerotated iny the-samedireotion.

It is, therefore, one of the importanttobjects ofxouli invention. to provide a power transfer or driving-#mechanism for;r multiple driveV axle veV- hielestvvlfrilri` maybe easi1y-ancl Quickly-converted, by.' certain simple.- adjustments andiwithout em.- ployingv additionalv elementsifor use efficiently transmitting-power toaeitheri standard type of axle drive gearing abovedesoribed In said patentfwe: havev shownfza: powertransfer` mechanism ,inxwhich theV power" out-putr shafts, respectively `.common housing:structure:1'v However; it has also i nciaima (ci. ripenso lbeen;proposed tovanrangefsaid outputfshaftsfwith their axes in nonveoinciding, spacediapartirelaf tion; and, although we have hereinillustrated'fthe latter,n amangement; it; is contemplated: that the mesentzimprovementswmay beapp-liedrtoiai transe fer mechanism embodying either of saidmutput shaft arrangen'rents.1v

Another.l koloi 'entr of the inventionfresidesrnrthe provision of azsupplementai', demountaiole= lions:-v ingffon' :the frontaxleadriveieoutput shaft'. andif'its assoizia'ted'z'gearing` together` with meansiiwheixeby said output shaftmay l"loe f alternatively@ mounted in said housing or in the main housing structiiiie in axial alignment" withla rear axie output ,shaft mouirtedi` saidrmaini housing. Inf theiatt-er case the supplemental housing is replaeediiyfa zover platefr the openside-offthe mai'nhousi'ng. However, when axiallgvfalignewoutput slifaftsfare mounted in the supplemental housingf tihelatter may remain'- 'in'attachedpositibnandione off-said shafts utilised7 rfoij driving` a third axle; if desired, orf-or use as a povvertakeoffto drvean auxiliary machine.

A further objectofthe invention is to provide clutch means for connecting', the output shaft for the front axle with analignedcountershafbin said vsupplement-,a1 housing` (or with an aligned outpiityshaft itherein. for the rear. axle) saidclutch means. including a .single Ashiftalole clutcnmember,

and means for shifting, said `clutch.menri'her, When theiront axle .outputshaft i'sso. arranged orA when it is alternatively mountedon' the mainhousing in. aligned. relation to, the reanaxleoutput shaft thereins toestablish.,ordisestablisha drvingrelar tionbetweemsaidjalignedjshafts.. v

Aniadditional oleiei` ofiourl invention .is to pro.- videpa rconvey@tilole multiplaaxledriaemechanism ab ove characterizedwhich willalso nossessithe several.. .advantageso-.- the,Y constructiondisclosed said patent in.` that its seasily `adaptaiuleV-f.for `application many diienenttypes of multiple drive, axlevehicleax.comprises a comparatively small numloeu` `oftoompactly arrangedf-1zuggedly constructed elementslandprovides means f.or..'.the adequate;` lubrication.off all relatively` movable parts.

` Other: subordinate objects will become apparent from` the?,following.` description.l` and appended lclaims-` when: oonsideiiedsin` f connection .'With the annexed"drawingsyillustratng .a-.selected practieal `ominoCliment: offiour inventioniuand severalp-desliable r applications thereof: tofmu1tip1e driveaxle vehicles;- i f Y Inthefdrawingsnintwhioh similar reference 3 characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is an irregular sectional view taken substantially on the line I-I of Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the right hand side of the power transfer case shown in Figure 1, supported between suitable hangar brackets on the vehicle frame, the housing structure being partly broken away and certain of the parts shown in section; l.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Figure 1, showing thek alternative mounting of the power output shaft for the front axle in axial alignment with the output shaft for thev rear axle when the conventional bevel type axle gearing is used;

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line 4-4 of Figure 2 showing the means for shifting the shaft connecting c'zlutch member in both positions of the power output'shaft for the front axle;

- Figure 5 is afragmentary sectional view similar to Figure 3 showing aligned front and rear power output shafts mounted in the supplemental housingy i,

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic plan view illus- ,trating anapplication'of the transfer case of Figure 1 to a four-wheel drive vehicle; Figure 7 is asimilar View showing the reversed arrangement of the hypoid axle drive gearing for use in connection with the transfer case of Figure'5;i i Figure 8-is a view similar `to Figure, the invention-being! applied to a six-by-six vehicle driver,"` -I v e Figure-9 is a view similar toV Figures 6 and 8 in which the invention is applied to a six-by-four vehicle drive; I i Figure 10 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of the arrangement shown in Figure 8.

lWith reference more particularly to Figures 1 to 4 of the drawings, the power transfer mechanism' of this invention is operatively mounted upony andenclosed within a housing structure. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention `this structure preferably comprises a main housing I0 for certain parts of the mechalnism and a supplemental housingjl I which independently `ca.1'ries,certain other parts of saidl mechanism,v` The housing I0, modied in certain particulars, corresponds tothe housing shown in our patent above identified and is vertically positioned inthe vehicle frame and rigidly secured fat its upper end, in well known manner, between suitably spaced hanger brackets I2. The housing I IJ has a relatively short, transversely directed open lower en d I3A formed with the flange 4I4 to which the mating ange I5 at the open side :of the supplemental housing II is securely attached as indicated atV I 6. At its opposite side the housing I 0 is also transversely enlarged or extended, as at I'I to accommodate certain of th gear elements to be later described.

In one side of the housing I0 the power input or driving shaft I8 Vis journalled in the bearing I9 and at Iits outer end is provided with the universal joint ange 20 for connection with the change speed transmission of the'vehicle or other vsource of power. Upon the opposite side of the housing and in axial alignment with shaft I8, a

power output shaft 2| is .iournalled in the spaced *bearings 22, 2'3. This shaft at its inner end carries the fixed spur gear 24 which is axially rer'cessedtoreceive the Abearing 25'for the reduced inner end of the drive shaft I8. Upon the latter generally indicated at 28, in Figure 2,'is providedV for shifting rthe gear 26;`

Below the shafts I9 and 2| a countershaft 29 is journalled on opposite side walls of the housing ID in bearings 30 and 3| respectively. This shaft carries the spur gears 32 and 33, keyed or otherwise fixed thereon. The smaller gear 32 is in constant mesh with the gear 24 of output shaft 2| while Ygear 33, of relatively large diameter, is adapted to be engaged by the teeth of the slidable gear 26 when the latter is shifted in one direction from its neutral position 'on shaft I8. Power will then be transmitted to the output shaft 2| at relatively low speed through the countershaft 249 and gear 32v One end'ofsaid countershaft may be connected with speedometer operatinggearing, indicated at 34. v t :w'IJhefabove'described gearing and the mounting and arrangement of shafts I8, 2| and 2911s substantially the same as'that disclosedinsaid patent, the notable difference being that, -inthe present instance, the axis of countershaft 29 is locatedA on the opposite side of a verticalplane intersecting the axes 'of' shafts .I8 and 2| 'with respect Vto thelocation of said countershaft in the patent;l For thisv reason the housing'enlargement |"Ifis necessary to accommodate the gear 33. For further details with' respect to the mounting of the several gearcarrying shafts andthe means for supplying lubricant to the shaft bearings reference may .be had tofsaidpatent. f-

In the lower open end of housing I0 a power output shaft 35gis journalled in the spaced'bearings *36'V and BLthe'former being mounted `in one side wall of the housing and the`latter in a vertical web 38 whichv connects the top and bottom walls ofthe end portion I3 of said housing. One end ofthis shaft projects fromY housing I0 in the same direction as the output shaft 2| and is provided with the universaljiointmember-39.'V At its other or inner end which terminates within thev housing, the shaft 35 is counterbored, as at 40, and provided with the Vbearing sleeve 4I for'a purpose to be later explained. The side wall of the housing III which is-fopposed to thisl end Vof shaft 35 has an opening 42 therethrough closed at its outer end by a removable cover plate 43 de'- tachably secured to the housing wall b y studbolts 44. f The end of shaft 35which extends beyond bearing 3'I is externally formed with 'clutch teeth 45. v

Between the bearingsf and 3l' a spur gear-46 lis keyed or otherwise fixed on the shaft .'35 and is in constant mesh with the gear 32 on the countershaft 29.

The housing II is internally divided by the web 46 and a countershaft 4l has its inner end journalled in this web 'by theV bearing-48. A similar bearing 49 journals the outer end of said 'shaft i-none side wall of the housing II, said end `of the shaft being covered'by a cap plate 5|! secured 'to the housing wall by stud bolts iiI.v The inner end-ofshaft 41 is 'counterbored, as at 52, and provided with the bearing'sleeve 53 and `with external clutch teeth 54, such parts being identical vas to form and dimensions, with'the `corresponding `parts at theinner end of output shaftz'ii inthe mainhousing I0; Between 'the bearings 48 and49 arspurrgear 5:5 isikeyedu orf otherwiset'xedi'oni; thel countershaft14T!:v

Inrtheiother sideewailohihmisin-gvil a powerl output shafte. isdpurnalledby,therbearng 5!! This rfshaftrhaslan eni arg ed'- splined:A section;'.imascli-l jacent to saidbearing andian'zinnecnterrninalsece tion 5B: of rreitluoedz diameter rotatabiylr supported imthe bearing: siem/e f'foffcountershaftllle 'Ehe' bearing 15.1 isf. retained! in :piace by "the :usuali aan plate .Gm holtedftofy theehousin-g, asf at: I and it will: beanoted thatr thef bearingf receiving: opening inftliefwalll ofi' housing* I'h and*Y the7 openingdzl in'` the Wall of housinga I Il f are :of fthexsaniesdiameter: The; outer end: 'of the."` shaft:A 56; e is `provided :with thefuniversaijoint membemi.

This v.clutch member tE53; `is internallyrsplined f fon sliding coaction with the splined sectionailf.'of` shaftfilandthe clutchfteeth. 54 on theopposed endrof countershaftd'l' are of the same form and number-aslsaid-splines. This clutchI member has therusual:annularfgroove id'fto receive the arms of'fthe'forkof theiolutch-` shifting mechanism to beipresentlyfdescribed. n Whenthefinventi'on isto be appliedffor' trans mitting: power' tof `hypoid :type vehicle drive `andes the supplemental housing H'I attacliedto the opem'lowerendorthemain housing lu; as above explained; with the .corresponding side WallsV of said housing ini alignment'.` Thisl operation entdmatically positions gear 55 ontlie' countershaft 45Min yproper Ymeshingengagement" with the gear Milonthe powerout'puti shaft` 35 of-'the main housingfn" i l ETl'iesliifter mechanism for clutchmemb'er G3 is best 'shownin Figures 2` and 4 ofl the drawings andiilncludes' the usual shifterrod` (iii` axially movable through `an opening in one side Wall of the housing I@ at the flange I4 thereon andh'avina its inner end `supported in a bearing `sleeve 66 formed-on one side of the vertical web 38'. Within thejhousingthe shifter fork S'l is connected to the' rodl by a suitable set' screw S3@ The rod G5 isprovid'efd withv two diametrical bores., spaced apart' substantiallyd to selectively receivethe inner end of the set' screw tti4 and holdltheforlzl ii? in fixed. relation to, the .shifter rod. in eitherof th'epositions AA or B. with respecttothe axis of saidl rod, asshowninEigure 2.

The. inner, end of. shifter rod .215. is .providedwith the. .usuali longitudinally spaced circumferential grooves $9. toreceivethe latching ball 1\,-in:the lower of. an opening. 'H- extoriding `vertioalh1 through',an.integral.fconnectionvbetween the-upper sidejl-o'fsleeve 6B; andweb 3.8i adjustingscrevv 12 `threaded insthe upper. `end of. said opening regu-a lates ,the pressure of spring- '13.l on.- the ball.V 'Hl-to latchlthe'rodiin eitheroi its shifted positions and yieldinglyiretain the'clutch member 62 inf its operative and inoperative positions.v

Fromthe. above: description it 'will be: understoodf that whenL the housing Il` andrmechanism carriedl thereby are `asselnloled on the housing lli,

shifterffork iisadjusted on rod iifto thepost` tionA .so'that the arms thereof Willtbe properly engagedinthegroove 6410i clutch'mernber. As shown in Figure 6 the output shaft 35 is connected wit'nltliedrive pinion oiwhypoid gearing'M--in the rear vehicle-axle lvbythe propeller shaft -Tiirand `output shaft i'sissimilarly connectedby propeller shaft. 'HL` withA .the `drive pinion oiA theinverted hypoid gearingI `'min the-front vehioleaxle 19V VBy,shiftinggear 26 to=the right von drivefsha-ft internal teeth 2l on gear. 24-solthatshaitv'iifis ILO' 6 driven ati the' same; speedrasfr thof'driveeshaft. Throughlrgears 3-2ffandf48,:rotatiomisitransmitted fromlgear ltooutput shaft 3 5,-1-insthersamefdireoa tion f `as drive rshait l 8, i to i drive i the. rear i vehicle axlet .throughrpropeller shaftI-f and gea-ringo` 141; Gears -46fand1- 552 drivethe oou-ntershafttMeinl@ rev-oise. direction:y withfrespeet tot outputtshaft .35- and-drive shatrm, Therefore-,when shifteniorle- 574s operatedifto engage-olutohrmemberii with thefclutohf lteethi 54,'.` output(j shaft l 56. is rotated. i the: sam-edirectiom as eounters-halftil land the inverted frontfaxle hypoint gearing operated] by,

propeller' shaft .FH- to. drivef-saidfaxle in` the .same

direction-es `the rearY axleffor forward drivewoiv the vehicle; l @ff-course, vthe"-dinection or'vehiole drive is revemed. inethe usuaif-Way-throughi the change-.speedtransmission: z l

WhenegearfNisshiftedto thef'loit .frornthe,neue-y tr-al 'position showninl :Figure 1^ itl is?` connected with i gear $31;` to; drivm the f shafts 24a'. Sii" and: Maat relatively speech with respect toi i ther drive shaft fi L While ive-'have shown :a:v 1 "tol 1s natiofofthe. in dividual element-s vin thefgear' trein nonA nesting. shaft .2d with; shaft Misuchrratio-mawbe changedi as desired to -drive .fthe :shafts andlli 'Jv at amdifferenttspeed freinet-hei shaftsziandralso in -.relation. Ito'reaoh v other'.- 1 When ther` vehiclefis operatedwvith ili-glntnloadsi` andit is fnot desired to drivei the f front axle. i-t isronlyw-neoessmryl1 to f `shift clutch memben E3 `tor-itsinoperative: position@ shown-in; Figur-e l ,\.to :disconnect the power, output shaft. I5-=from-oountershaft4 lf, thus economising in fue] consumption and tire Wear; 1 l v 1 Thel shaft 2-.l rise providedf l for thef-purfposerof driving ai third` vehicleY axfl'e; as-willT 'be'A lateraexa plainedj. hut-Whom the"inventirmfis` applied' to'fga four Wheel drive'\vehii;le.this fsh'aftlmay Lloe-'utilized tir.` a lzvehiolei 'accessory or for` other. 1 pur? posesA When the vehicle axles arefequippedf'withfcon- Ventionarbvel type differentialigearing inl which thedrive pinion andring'gear rotate about intersectingl aires,V the housing II jand mechanism car` riedthereby aredisinounted from thehousing H). Bolts; 61. are now removed and `output shaft 56; togetherwith clutch member 63 andlbiearing 57,l arejivithdi'awn through the openingdl in the Wall .of"housing Il. Y After removingl cover plate..43' the endofshafjt, ,with clutch .member 5 3, is then insertedjthrough ,the openingdllinithe Wallof; housingLfl'l'. and, the pilot endl59. osaid shaft.ttedinto-thebearing sleeve Min the end l of outputu shaft. 35,. Bearing 5l-is :properly mountedin opening 42 and the-@cap platenfsee .cured to.- the .wall l ofi. housing. l ,L `to complete the assembly. whereby. the.. output shafts .35A and'- ,5G are positioned in y .housing-f` IIL .-in, `ax-ial.L alignment withweachxotheraas seen inlF-igureiofothe drawiings: f f 'w Aften removing-lfsetwscrewr'q rod"` *651sT witifn drawn sufliciently to disconnect shifterfiorke therefrom Thisf-fork is lt-henf arranged. inzlthe position l B- I(Figure '2); and' ther-arms thereofagain engaged inwthe .groove Empf-*clutch member: 65. Thevfork isrnow re-fconnected with" shifterf vrodii1`5 and mem-ber- [i3` may' be` shifted.' to engage.` the -clutnhrteeth 45 and oonnect.thei-'sliafts and-"55 for. unitaryrotation inr the -ssamevdirectionzx The ,flower openfend-fo housing l'l 0; `isf-theirclosed byfthe covenplateiBIOX-Figure wseoured toiflange .Hl-#thereofi:byy the'bolts Mii- If. desired-,f this `iler-ige may be provided with a number of locating dow'is, indicated# air-87|;tobeereceivediinf openingsim-the plate-81) andrin-ange-:Ihof thewhousing -Referringnow to Figures and 7 of the drawings inwhich we have shown our present invention as applied to thetype of multiple-axle-drive power transfer mechanism disclosed in our prior application, the housing of slightly modified construction,` carries axially aligned, iront and rearpower output shafts 56 and 83 respectively. Within the, housing, spur'gear 55' is keyedv to shaft 83 for engagement'with gear 46 so that said shaft will be constantly driven in a reverse direction with respect to shaft 2 I. 'The inner end ofshaft 83 `carries a fixed bevelgear 84 having ahubextension 85 supported' by a suitable roller type anti-friction bearing 86 in a central opening' of the web 81 which integrally connects the top and bottom wallsof housing The other shaft 56 has the reduced inner end 59 thereof journalled by the 'roller bearing 89 in a recess il!) axially formed in the hub 85 of the gear 84. Upon said end of the shaft the bevel gear 8| having a bearing bushing 92 is loosely mounted and is formed with the hub extension 93 provided with clutch teeth 94 onv its periphery.

`"I'hegears 84 and9| are inconstant mesh with a bevel gear 95 on the inner end of shaft 96. This shaft is suitably journalled in the end wall of housing Il', preferably in the manner disclosed in our pending application. It will, therefore, be evident thatrnormally the gear 9| will be idly rotated on th'e shaft end 59 in a reverse direction relative'to the direction'of rotation of the shaft 63 or in the same direction as the rotation of shafts 2| and 35.

' The shaft 56 is provided with clutch member 63shown in Figure 1 which is adapted to be shifted by fork 61 into clutching engagement with the teeth `94 of gear 9| lso that the front output shaft 56 will then be driven in a reverse direction with respect to the rear output shaft 83.

Referring now to Figure 7- of the drawings, shaft 56 is connected with the frontaxle drive pinionof the hypoid gearing 98 bythe propeller shaft -99 while shaft 83 is connected with the -rear axleL drive pinion of the hypoid .gearing |00 by thepropeller shaft IUI. However, since shaft 83 rotates in a reverse direction vto shaft 35 in Figure -1 and shaft 56 is rotated in a reverse direction relative'to shaft 83, it is necessary toreverse the arrangement of the hypoid drive gearings from that shown'in Figure 6 by turning the axles 15 and 19 end for en d in a vertical plane sothat the reversed rotation of propeller shaftsf99 and |ll| will transmit power throughsaid gearing to rotate'sa'id axles in the proper direction for forward driveof the vehicle. l Y

` It'will, of course, be evident from the above tha-t'the same front axle output shaft and clutch member `is interchangeably used with countershaft 41 and with rear axle output shaft 83 as well as with output shaft 35 when conventional `bevel type axle gearing is employed, as previously explained,

:,The arrangement'of Figures 5 and 'l has the advantage that one of the dual rear axles, shown in Figure 8, may be driven from output shaft 35 with the hypoid gearing arranged as'seen at 14 in Figure 6 while shaft 2| may be utilized as a power take-off for the operation of an auxiliary machine. Also when bevel type axle gearing is vused thehousing'll may remain in 4attached position 'and shaft 2| connected to one ofthe rar axles while 'shaft 83' serves as a power takeo Q l In Figures 8 and 10 of the drawings, the trans'- fer case of Figurel is shown as applied to a sixthe propeller shaft connections with output shafts 35 and 56, as shown in Figure 6, a propeller `shaft |02 operatively connects output shaftI 2| of the transfer case with the hypoid drive'g'earing |03 of a second rear axlel04., F I" The invention may also be applied toa six-byfour vehicle driveby merely omitting the front propeller shaft 11, together with housing section Il and the transfer mechanism therein. Of course, this may also be done in the arrangement of Figure 6 in the case of a single rear axle drive' vehicle. By reason of the separability of the front axle transfer mechanism, the transfer case will occupy less space in the vehicle-frame 'andunnecessaryl wear of said mechanism will'be avoided. i However, we may also utilize the alternative rear axle drive shown in Figure 9 of the draw-` ings, in which the drive axle 15 of Figure 8 has been turned end for end in a horizontal plane so as |to require reverse rotation.v The transfer case of Figure l is mounted between 'the drive axles 15 and `|84 in any suitablemannenand the output shafts 35 and 56 operatively connected rwith the hypoid drive gearing of -axles 15 and |04 by the propeller shafts and |06 respectively; Shaft 2| may be' capped over or utilized yfor'the operation of a compressor or other vehicle accessory, if desired.v

Of course, suitable provision is made =on -the walls of the housing structure of the transfer case for distributing lubricating oil to thebear-iV ings ofthe several gear carryingshafts ofthe transfer mechanism. For a more detailed disclosure of one such lubricanty distributingmeans reference may be had to our prior patent, above identified. n' f It will be understood that Figures 6 to10 inclusive of the drawings are purely diagrammatic and that the transfer case and axle drive gearings may be otherwise relatively arrangedthan as therein shown, in `order to reduce the Vangularity of the propeller shafts with respect to the vehicle center line to a minimum.I From the foregoing it will be seen that we have herein disclosed several practical embodiments of our power transfer case and drive mechanism which is easily convertible, with the use of a minimum number of mechanical elements, for the purpose of efficiently `driving a plurality of vehicle axles equipped with drive gearing of either the hypoid or conventional bevel gear type.l By providing means for alternatively mounting the front axle drive shaft 56, which is common to both types of axle gearing,`for voperative connection with selected elements of the power transmission train', a marked economy in production costs is realized, This desideratum is appreciably fura thered by the provision of a single clutch shifting means for effecting such operative connection in both positions of said drive shaft. Itwill also be noted that our invention provides a power output or take-o` shaft'in addition to thefdrive shafts for both |types of axle gearing', thereby'im creasing the range of utility of mechanisms of this kind.'

1n general, our present invention is characterized by a multiple unit type of transfer case in which the transfer case housing structure, as well as the mounting and arrangement of the several cooperating parts of the mechanism, is of simple, compact and rugged design which contributes greatly to maximum operating efficiency and low'maintenance costs.

iFhelinvention may be-fembodied in other ispe- United States .Letters :Patent @is 1. Power transfer mechanism for spaced vehicle driving axles, comprising v.a lixedghousing ,'structure,power 'output' shafts "for thfefjrespec- 1 ftiwve axles, one of said "shaiftjsibing operatively 'supporte'din oneside vwallof *the housing structure, power transmission gearing for said shafts within the housing, means for operatively connecting said gearing with a source of power, the

opposite side wall of the housing structure being provided with spaced openings in axial alignment `with said one power output shaft and with one of the transmission gear elements respectively, said `openings removably receiving the other power output shaft and means for releasably establishing a driving connection between said gear element and the latter shaft or between the aligned output shafts.

2. Polwer transfer mechanism as defined in claim 1, wherein said last named means comprises a single manually shiftable clutch member carried by said second named power output shaft.

3. Power transfer mechanism as dened in claim 1, said last named means including a `clutch member splined on the second named power output shaft, a shifting fork operatively mounted on the housing structure, and means for adjustably positioning said fork for actuation of said clutch member in either position of said output shaft.

4. In power transfer mechanism for the operation of different types of vehicle axle drive gearing, a power output shaft adapted for operative connection with the drive gearing of one vehicle axle, a countershaft, meshed gears fixed on said shafts to rotate the same in relatively opposite directions, a second power output shaft adapted for connection to the drive gearing of a second vehicle axle, means for selectively mounting the latter output shaft in axial alignment with said rst named output shaft or the countershaft and a single means carried by the second power output shaft shiftable, when said second power output shaft is mounted in axial alignment with the counter shaft, for establishing a driving connection between said countershaft and said second output shaft to drive the output shafts in opposite directions for one type of axle gearing and shiftable, when said second power output shaft is mounted in axial alignment with the first power output shaft, for establishing a driving connection directly between the output shafts to drive said shafts in the same direction for another type of ax-le gearing.

5. In power transfer mechanism for multiple vehicle driving axles, a power input shaft, a plurality of rear axle driving output shafts, means for driving said output shafts in the same direction from said input shaft, a counter shaft driven from one of said output shafts an additional front axle driving output shaft, and means for mounting said additional output shaft in coaxially coupled relation with said one output Shaft or said counter shaft.

l"n power '-transferfmechanism -ffor hy'pidi'o ibevel gear-driven-wehicle iaxles, af :fixed -hou'sing 'structurewalpower output shaft journallediini one side of said housing structure andadaptedf-for driving connection with one vehicle axle, a counter shaftf-journalled -infsaidfhousing structure. constantly meshed gearsvxed to said respective shafts, powerftransfermeansincluding a gear engaged with the gear on one of said shafts and "driving :said shafts in relatively opposite `directions, a second power outputshaft adapted for driving connection iwithr-asecond,@vehicle axle, means for journalling said second power output shaftrin'l the other side of :tl'ie'liousing structurein Ifaxial;'alignment with".` the j" counter shaft; or` lwith said first "named 4power 'output shaft, and :means "for coupling-the alignedshafts to optionalllyrotate the power output shafts in reverse directions or in the same direction.

7. Power transfer mechanism as defined in claim 6, in which said coupling means comprises clutch teeth on corresponding end of the counter shaft and said first named power output shaft, and an axially shiftable clutch member carried by said second power output shaft.

8. Power transfer mechanism as defined in claim 6, in which said coupling means comprises an axially shiftable coupling member carried by the second power output shaft, together with a shifting fork for said member and means mounting said fork on the housing structure for angular adjustment and operative engagement with said coupling member in either selected position of the second power output shaft.

9. Power transfer` mechanism as defined in claim 6, in which said means for journaling said second power output shaft in the other side of the housing structure comprises spaced bearing receiving openings in alignment with the counter shaft and the first named power output shaft respectively, together with bearing means carried shafts respectively, power transmitting means between said second and third power output shafts for rotating said third power output shaft reversely with respect to said second power output shaft and comprising a rotatable second countershaft geared to said second power output shaft and a releasable clutch between the second clutch element positioned for selective drive connection to said second power output shaft.

11. In the power transfer mechanism defined in claim 10, said housing comprising a main housing and a removable supplemental housing 11 csnlaterally open. end of the main housing, and s'aid vsecond counter shaft and third power output shaft being journaled in said supplemental housing. f i

LAWRENCE RQ BCKENDA'LE. BEVERLY W. KEEsE.

VREFERENCES CITED 1Tire yfollowing references are` of record in the w `ilepi" this patent:

UNITED STATES PATETS Nurnber Name Date 320,752 Birdsail June 23, 1885 638,359 Schellenbach Dec, 5, 1899 1,657,331 Withemw I A ;Jan.24,192

Number Number Italy -1 Sept. 15., 1938 

